A production method of a negative electrode active material containing a silicon compound (SiOx: 0.5≤x≤1.6) that contains Lithium includes: making a silicon compound into which the lithium has been inserted contact with a solution B containing a polycyclic aromatic compound or a derivative thereof or both thereof (here, the solution B contains one or more kinds selected from an ether-based solvent, a ketone-based solvent, an ester-based solvent, an alcohol-based solvent, and an amine-based solvent as a solvent); and making the silicon compound contact with a solution C (here, the solution C contains one or more kinds selected from an ether-based material, a ketone-based material, and an ester-based material as the solvent, and contains a compound having a quinoid structure in a molecule as a solute).