A substrate testing carrier and a substrate testing device are provided. The substrate testing carrier includes: a carrier body, the carrier body including a transparent carrying plate for placing a substrate to be tested, the transparent carrying plate including a first surface configured to be in contact with the substrate to be tested; at least one backlight source arranged at a side of the transparent carrying plate away from the first surface; a moving mechanism connected to the at least one backlight source and configured to move the at least one backlight source.