Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data processing method and apparatus. The method includes: preprocessing, by a transmit end, data transmitted on at least two first-type symbols in a radio frame that are parallel, and converting the data transmitted on the at least two parallel first-type symbols into data transmitted on a shared symbol; adding, by the transmit end, a first CP to the data transmitted on the shared symbol; and sending, to a receive end, the data that is transmitted on the shared symbol and to which the first CP is added.