Rolling resistance is appropriately and easily evaluated at an arbitrary temperature of a tire. When a phase difference between a load applied to the tire and a variation in position of the drum is derived for a reference tire, the phase differences δ are derived at a plurality of temperatures within a range from an initial temperature to an atmospheric temperature in a process in which a temperature of the reference tire that reached the initial temperature higher or lower than the atmospheric temperature by heating or cooling approaches the atmospheric temperature from the initial temperature. The phase difference corresponding to a temperature of a tire to be evaluated among the phase differences δ derived for the reference tire at the plurality of temperatures and the phase difference derived for the tire to be evaluated are compared, thereby evaluating rolling resistance of the tire to be evaluated.