According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of evaluating a patent using a structural equation includes the steps of: receiving an evaluation for an importance of a plurality of evaluation factors required to build an evaluation model for each of multiple predetermined evaluation indexes, from multiple experts, to evaluate a registered patent; verifying the evaluations of the plurality of experts for the importance of the individual evaluation factors; setting the verified evaluation factors as final evaluation factors; determining impact indexes of the set evaluation factors required to build an evaluation model for each evaluation index, using structural equation model analysis; generating an evaluation model for each evaluation index using the set evaluation factor, the set impact index, and a structural equation; obtaining patent information; and generating an evaluation result using the generated evaluation model and the obtained patent information for the patent to be evaluated.