The method allows controlling the quality of an initial RR series made up of a plurality of (RRi) samples which are respectively a function of time intervals (δti) which separate two successive heartbeats. During this method, one resamples the RR series so as to obtain a resampled RR series, and one automatically controls the quality of the RR series by automatically calculating at least the mathematical norm value (NORME), in a sliding window, of the resampled RR series, said mathematical norm value being given by the following formula: NORME = ∑ i = 1 N  ( RR i - 1 N  ∑ i = 1 N  ( RR i ) ) 2 where N is the number of RRi samples in said window.