A material characterization system includes an imaging unit, a material characterization controller, and an imaging unit controller. The electronic imaging unit generates a test image of a specimen composed of a material. The electronic material characterization controller determines values of a plurality of parameters and maps the parameters to corresponding ground truth labeled outputs. The mapped parameters are applied to at least one test image to predict a presence of at least one target attribute of the specimen in response to applying the learned parameters. The test image is convert to a selected output image format so as to generate a synthetic image including the predicted at least one attribute. The electronic imaging unit controller performs a material characterization analysis that characterizes the material of the specimen based on the predicted at least one attribute included in the synthetic image.