A fault localization method and device are provided. The method includes: obtaining user experience data, network topology data, and resource management data that are of a video service; where the network topology data is used to represent a connection relationship between network devices, and the resource management data is used to represent a connection relationship between user equipment and the network devices; determining a quality of experience (QoE) experience indicator of a network device based on the user experience data, the network topology data, and the resource management data; and when quality of experience represented by the QoE experience indicator of the network device is lower than quality of experience represented by a device screening threshold, determining the network device as a possible questionable device. According to the embodiments of the present invention, accuracy of fault localization is high.