Robot for cleaning swimming pools, including a debris-collection body, a propulsion and suction system able to move the robot in alternation in two substantially opposite directions D1 and D2, and an electrical supply device, the body includes two compartments separated by a partition and each provided with a water inlet. Depending on the direction of movement of the robot, the suction is effected in one compartment and blocked in the other. The suction can be alternated by means of a pivoting suction orifice rotated by a turret.