Disclosed is an electronic device comprising: a touch screen display; a battery; a plurality of antenna elements arranged in order to perform beamforming for directional wireless communication; a first wireless communication circuit configured to provide, through the antenna elements, first wireless communication having a first coverage; a second wireless communication circuit configured to provide second wireless communication having a second coverage greater than the first coverage; and a processor connected to the display, the battery, the first wireless communication circuit, and the second wireless communication circuit, wherein the processor stores instructions for determining whether an external device is close to the electronic device by using the first wireless communication circuit, enabling at least one antenna element, rather than all the antenna elements, among the plurality of antenna elements, and transmitting data to the external device by using the second wireless communication circuit and the enabled at least one antenna element.