The present disclosure relates to a 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). A method of transmitting or receiving a signal by a user equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system is provided. The method may include: identifying a neural network model for transmitting first information to a base station (BS); learning a connection weight of the neural network model using the first information; transmitting, to the base station, second information for updating a weight of a second partial neural network corresponding to the base station based on a result of the learning; and updating a weight of a first partial neural network corresponding to the UE based on the result of the learning.