A product conveyance system includes: a storage box in which a product is stored; and a product conveyance robot including a travel portion and a holding portion provided above the travel portion and configured to hold the storage box. The holding portion includes a pair of support columns provided in a standing manner with an interval between the support columns in the width direction. Each of the support columns includes: one or more support rails configured to support the storage box in the height direction, the storage box being placed between the support columns; and one or more lock pins provided on a facing surface of the each of the support columns, the facing surface facing the other one of the support columns, the one or more lock pins being configured to protrude and retract in the width direction.