The present invention provides a three-phase power supply and collection device for a maglev train. A cross beam is arranged at the middle part of the bogie of the maglev train, and the lower surface of the cross beam is provided with three sets of longitudinal bearing seats, and three insulating bushes, three collector shoes and three power supply rails corresponding to the longitudinal bearing seats; the two ends of the horizontal part of each insulating bush is a rotating shaft structure, and the vertical part of the insulating bush is a hollow tubular structure; the upper part of each collector shoe is the shoe handle, the lower part is the shoe body, and the bottom of the shoe body is in a concave semicircular shape; the top surface of each power supply rail is in a convex semicircular shape.