The present disclosure provides a clamping jaw assembly and a drill chuck, which solve technical problems of complex structure, small clamping range, poor clamping effect, and high cost of the existing clamping jaw assembly. The clamping jaw assembly includes a first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw, both of which include a screwing section, an outer surface of each screwing section is arranged with a thread, a top end of each screwing section is arranged with a clamping section, the screwing section is fixedly connected with corresponding damping section. An inner side of the clamping section of the first clamping jaw includes a first clamping part, and an inner side of the clamping section of the second clamping jaw includes a second clamping part matched with the first clamping part. The present disclosure can be widely used in fields of electric tools, machine tool accessories and medical equipment, etc.