A method and apparatus for constructing a document heading tree, an electronic device and a storage medium are provided. The method includes: performing a rule matching between a text feature of each of paragraphs in a document to be processed and a paragraph feature in a predefined rule, according to the predefined rule; determining a paragraph level of each of the paragraphs in the document to be processed according to a result of the rule matching, in a case where the rule matching is successful; determining a paragraph level of each of the paragraphs in the document to be processed using a machine learning model, in a case where the rule matching is failed; and constructing a document heading tree of the document to be processed based on the paragraph level of each of the paragraphs.