A method and device for positioning an electronic price tag based on a neighbor relationship, comprising: obtaining a plurality of electronic price tag reports, wherein each electronic price tag report includes an identity of a neighbor electronic price tag or an anchor point received by the electronic price tag and a weight of the neighbor electronic price tag received within a limited time slice, and the position of the anchor point is known; determining connection relationships between the electronic price tag to be positioned and all anchor points based on the plurality of electronic price tag reports; determining path values between the electronic price tag to be positioned and each anchor point respectively based on the connection relationships, and sorting the path values from small to large to obtain first two path values in order.