A pixel arrangement structure, an organic light emitting diode display panel, a display device, and a mask plate assembly are disclosed. The pixel arrangement structure includes a plurality of first sub-pixels, a plurality of second sub-pixels, a plurality of third sub-pixels. The positions of the sub-pixels do not overlap each other. One of the first sub-pixels is located at the center position of a first virtual rectangle. Four of the first sub-pixels are located at four vertex angle positions of the first virtual rectangle, respectively. Four of the second sub-pixels are located at the center positions of four sides of the first virtual rectangle, respectively. The first virtual rectangle is divided into four second virtual rectangles. The inside of each of the four second virtual rectangles comprises one third sub-pixel of the third sub-pixels.