A light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode; an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer; and an electron transport region between the second electrode and the emission layer, wherein the first electrode is a multi-layered electrode including: a first layer including a first material, a second layer disposed on the first layer and including a second material, and a third layer between the second layer and the hole transport region and including a third material, wherein a first surface of the third layer contacts the second layer, and a second surface of the third layer facing the first surface directly contacts the hole transport region, and the third material has a work function of greater than about 4.8 eV and less than or equal to about 6.8 eV.