A pose determination method and a robot using the same are provided. The method includes: obtaining a two-dimensional code image collected by the camera of the robot and sensor data collected by the sensor of the robot, and determining mileage information of the robot within a predetermined duration, where the sensor data includes an acceleration and an angular velocity, determining a first pose of the camera based on two-dimensional code information recognized from the two-dimensional code image and a pose estimation function, and determining a second pose of the sensor based on the sensor data; obtaining a third pose by performing a tight coupling optimization based on the first pose and the second pose; and obtaining the pose of the robot by fusing the third pose and the mileage information. In such a manner, the accuracy of determining the pose of the robot in a complex scene can be improved.