A method for producing a fluoropolymer which includes polymerizing a fluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of a fluorine-containing diacyl peroxide represented by the formula (1): XRfaC(═O)OOC(═O)RfbY (wherein X and Y are each independently H or F; and Rfa and Rfb are each independently a C1-C6 linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group optionally containing an ether bond) and a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid represented by the following formula (2): Z2RfcCOOH (wherein Z2 is H or F; and Rfc is a C1-C3 linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group optionally containing an ether bond when Z2 is H, and Rfc is a C1 or C2 linear or branched perfluoroalkylene group optionally containing an ether bond when Z2 is F) to provide a fluoropolymer.