An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a housing including a first housing and a second housing; a hinge unit rotatably connected to the first housing and the second housing; a display; a first speaker disposed in the first housing; a second speaker disposed in the second housing; at least one sensor; and a memory. The memory may store instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to: receive an event related to audio data; identify a state of the electronic device on the basis of information obtained through the at least one sensor; determine at least one speaker to output the audio data, among the first speaker and the second speaker, on the basis of the state of the electronic device; and output the audio data through the at least one speaker.