This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and discloses a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: The terminal device generates capability information, where the capability information includes an overall frequency separation class of the terminal device, and the overall frequency separation class indicates a maximum frequency separation between a lowest component carrier and a highest component carrier included in an uplink component carrier and a downlink component carrier supported by the terminal device; and the terminal device sends the capability information to the network device.