A fingerprint recognition system is disposed below a screen assembly of an electronic device and includes a light-emitting diode (LED), an image sensor, and a light shielding member. A light emitting surface of the LED faces the screen assembly and is configured to emit an optical signal. A photosensitive surface of the image sensor faces the screen assembly, where the optical signal received by the image sensor includes a fingerprint optical signal returned after being emitted by the LED to a finger, to generate a fingerprint image. The light shielding member is located between the LED and the image sensor, to block a part of signal light emitted by the LED.