Invention Application
- Patent Title: Equalization for Pulse-Amplitude Modulation
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Application No.: US17562588Application Date: 2021-12-27
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Publication No.: US20220209998A1Publication Date: 2022-06-30
- Inventor: Kang-Yong Kim , Hyun Yoo Lee , Timothy M. Hollis , Dong Soon Lim
- Applicant: Micron Technology, Inc.
- Applicant Address: US ID Boise
- Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.
- Current Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.
- Current Assignee Address: US ID Boise
- Main IPC: H04L25/03
- IPC: H04L25/03 ; H04L25/49

Abstract:
Described apparatuses and methods are directed to equalization with pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) signaling. As bus frequencies have increased, the time for correctly transitioning between voltage levels has decreased, which can lead to errors. Symbol decoding reliability can be improved with equalization, like with decision-feedback equalization (DFE). DFE, however, can be expensive for chip area and power usage. Therefore, instead of applying DFE to all voltage level determination paths in a receiver, DFE can be applied to a subset of such determination paths. With PAM4 signaling, for example, a DFE circuit can be coupled between an output and an input of a middle slicer. In some cases, symbol detection reliability can be maintained even with fewer DFE circuits by compressing a middle eye of the PAM4 signal. The other two eyes thus have additional headroom for expansion. Encoding schemes, impedance terminations, or reference voltage levels can be tailored accordingly.
Public/Granted literature
- US12021668B2 Equalization for pulse-amplitude modulation Public/Granted day:2024-06-25
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