A negative electrode material includes silicon-based particles. The silicon-based particles include a silicon-containing matrix and a polymer layer disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the silicon-containing matrix, and the polymer layer includes a carbon material and a polymer; when a thermogravimetric analysis is conducted at a temperature ranging from 0° C. to 800° C., a derivative thermogravimetric curve of the polymer in a free state has at least one characteristic peak, a temperature at the maximum characteristic peak of the at least one characteristic peak is Ti, a derivative thermogravimetric curve of the silicon-based particles has at least one characteristic peak, a temperature at the maximum characteristic peak of the at least one characteristic peak is T2, and T1-T2 is from 1.5° C. to 20° C. A lithium-ion battery prepared from the negative active material has improved cycle performance and deformation resistance, and reduced DC resistance.