Disclosed are various embodiments for workflow error handling for device driven management. A workflow can be received from a management service by a management agent. The workflow can define a sequence of actions to be implemented by the management agent on a client device and a set of error conditions associated with individual actions in the sequence of actions. The management agent can then process the individual actions in the sequence of actions defined by the workflow. Subsequently, the management agent can monitor the individual actions to determine whether the individual actions trigger an error condition in the set of error conditions. Finally, in response to a determination that the individual actions triggered the error condition in the set of error conditions, the management agent can perform an error response specified by the workflow.