A method, computer system and computer-readable medium for determining a surface pattern for a target object using an evolutionary algorithm such as a genetic algorithm, a parameterized texture-generating function, a 3D renderer for rendering images of a 3D model of the target object with a texture obtained from the parameterized texture generating function, and an object recognition model to process the images and predict whether or not the image contains an object of the target object's type or category. Sets of parameters are generated using the evolutionary algorithm and the accuracy of the object recognition model's prediction of the images with the 3D model textured according to each set of parameters is used to determine a fitness score, by which sets of parameters are scored for the purpose of obtaining future further generations of sets of parameters, such as by genetic algorithm operations such as mutation and crossover operations. The surface pattern is obtained based on the images of the 3D model rendered with a surface texture generated according to a high-scoring set of parameters.