A foldable electronic device is disclosed, including a first housing and a second housing coupled via a hinge allowing folding thereof, a camera configured to rotate with respect to the first housing to a change a field-of-view (FOV) of the camera, a display spanning across surfaces of the first and second housings, a motion sensor for detecting a posture of the foldable electronic device, a folding angle sensor for detecting a folding angle between the first and second housings, and at least one processor configured to: based on detecting an input requesting a function associated with photographic capture by the camera, detect a present posture via the motion sensor and a present folding angle via the folding angle sensor, and drive rotation of the camera, based on the detected present posture and the present folding angle, so as to adjust a present FOV of the camera.