The present disclosure relates to random access preamble transmission methods, apparatuses, and storage mediums. In one example method, a terminal device determines, based on a target sub-coverage area to which the terminal device belongs in a preset coverage area of a network device, target random access preamble format information corresponding to the target sub-coverage area. Then, the terminal device sends, to the network device on a target time-frequency resource indicated by target random access preamble time-frequency resource information corresponding to the target random access preamble format information, a random access preamble corresponding to the target random access preamble format information.