Provided are a communication link determination method and apparatus, a device and a storage medium. The method includes the following. A first communication link set in which a channel state of at least one communication link is idle is determined in a communication link set supported by a device. A second communication link set is determined according to the channel state of the at least one communication link in the first communication link set during a preset time period. A target communication link set for transmitting a radio frame is determined according to a channel state of at least one communication link in the second communication link set in a backoff procedure.