A Belief Propagation (BP) equalization method and apparatus, a communication device and a storage medium are disclosed. The method may include: splitting a received signal Yc, a channel estimation Hc and a symbol estimation Xc into real parts and imaginary parts to obtain a received signal matrix Y, a channel estimation matrix H and a symbol estimation matrix X (S101); performing orthogonal triangular (QR) decomposition on the channel estimation matrix H to obtain an equivalent received signal Ybp, an equivalent channel R and a noise power σ2 (S102); and performing iteration based on the equivalent received signal Ybp, the equivalent channel R and the noise power σ2 to obtain a position probability of per stream symbol (S103).