Provided is a display substrate, including: a substrate, and multiple light-emitting units and multiple light-detecting units located on a substrate. At least one light-emitting unit includes a light-emitting element and a pixel driving circuit coupled with the light-emitting element, and at least one light-detecting unit includes an optical sensing element and a light-emitting detection circuit coupled with an optical sensing element; an optical sensing element is located on one side of a light-emitting detection circuit and a pixel driving circuit away from a substrate and between a light-emitting element and a substrate; the light-emitting element emits light from a side away from the substrate, and a light transmittance region is provided on one side of the light-emitting element facing the optical sensing element.