In a video coding system, it is proposed to determine the quantization matrix based on the block area instead of the maximal value of the block size dimension (width or height). Having specific quantization matrix for each block size actually allows adaptation to image content, and thus results in better visual quality. Indeed, choosing a quantization matrix of equal-area better match the idea of “size” than choosing a quantization matrix of the maximal dimension of the rectangular block. In at least one embodiment, the quantization matrix used for video coding or decoding is selected based on a block area identifier whose value is determined as the integer value of an average of the log 2 of block width and height. Encoding and decoding methods, encoding and decoding apparatuses, non-transitory computer readable medium and computer program are described.