A display substrate includes a substrate, a plurality of photosensitive sensors disposed on a side of the substrate, and a first light guide layer disposed on a side of the plurality of photosensitive sensors away from the substrate. A material of the first light guide layer includes a light-shielding material. The first light guide layer is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and an orthographic projection of at least one first through hole on the substrate is located within a range of an orthographic projection of a photosensitive sensor of the plurality of first through holes on the substrate.