A photoresponsive polymer includes a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), the photoresponsive polymer being fluidized by light irradiation, and reversibly non-fluidized: [Chemical formula 1] R1—Z1═Z2—R2  General formula (1) in the formula, Z1 and Z2 each represent CH or N, and Z1≠Z2, R1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having a substituent Ra selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, and a halogen atom at each of two ortho positions with respect to Z1, R2 represents an aromatic heterocyclic group with or without a substituent, and at least one of the R1 and the R2 is bonded to a group containing a structure derived from a polymerizable group.