This disclosure relates to a device for digital signal processing, particularly video image processing. The device obtains image data comprising a plurality of pixels. The image data comprises a plurality of sequentially captured images. The device estimates, for a target image, a set of backward motion vector fields (backward MVFs) based on the target image, and a first set of images captured before the target image. The device further estimates a set of forward MVFs based on the target image and a second set of images captured after the target image. Depending on the estimating for the target image, the device generates an output image based on a merging procedure of the target image and the first set of images and the set of backward MVFs, and/or the second set of images and the set of forward MVFs.