A can body printing system includes: an identification information storage part 302 that stores identification information of a can body; an identification information reading part 303 that reads the identification information attached to the can body; a matching part 304 that matches the read identification information to the identification information stored in the identification information storage part 302; and a print processing part 308 that, upon receiving a matching result, reads print image information from a print image information storage part 307 to perform processing for printing onto the can body by inkjet printing.