The present invention provides a graphene oxide-tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)/silane composite gel material, and a preparation method and use thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building surface coating. The graphene oxide-TEOS/silane composite gel material provided by the present invention includes the following components: 5-45 parts by weight of graphene oxide dispersion, 30-90 parts by weight of TEOS, 30-80 parts by weight of silane, 1-5 parts by weight of emulsifier, and 1-5 parts by weight of dispersant; the graphene oxide dispersion has a concentration of 0.5-5%. The graphene oxide-TEOS/silane composite gel material provided by the invention can form a hydrophobic anticorrosive coating after coating the surface of a cement-based material, and has excellent water resistance and corrosion resistance.