A detection system includes a drill bit where electro-acoustic transducers operate as a transmitter and/or receiver, are integrated; electronic circuits; a control unit associated with a data storage unit and is powered by an electrical supply system, the processing and control unit for generating driving signals sent to the electro-acoustic transducer acting as a transmitter by the analogue driving electronic circuits, for acquiring signals received from the transducer and for processing the received signals to determine discontinuity interfaces and/or anomalies in pore pressures in geological formations; wherein each of the electro-acoustic transducers is in contact with a pressurised fluid and includes: a tubular body with two end portions opposed to each other longitudinally, internally a first chamber with the first end portion and a second chamber on one side adjacent and in fluid communication with the first chamber and, on the other side ending with the second end portion.