A production system and method of dental instrument. After constructing a digital three-dimensional (3D) model of patient's teeth, pre-processing operations, comprising identifying gum lines on the digital 3D model and adding identifier information to the digital 3D model, are performed on the digital 3D model, and 3D printing is performed on the basis of the identifier information of the digital 3D model to obtain a first dental mold; and a film press processing is performed according to the first dental mold to obtain a second dental mold, identifier identification is performed on the second dental mold, and the identifier information is marked on the second dental mold according to the identification result to obtain a dental appliance. The production system and method are applied to the technical field of dental appliance production.