A bi-directional electronic lock device includes a lock mechanism and a control unit. The control unit includes a position determining component driven by the lock mechanism to rotate, a sensor configured to generate a specific sensing signal for each of three positions with respect to the position determining component, a direction determining module that actuates the lock mechanism to move from a locked state toward an unlocked state, and that generates a directional signal based on the sensing signals, and a control module that is configured to, in response to receipt of the directional signal, set the lock mechanism, based on the directional signal, to operate in one of a left setting and a right setting.