This application provides a neural network distillation method and apparatus in the field of artificial intelligence. The method includes: obtaining a sample set, where the sample set includes a biased data set and an unbiased data set, the biased data set includes biased samples, and the unbiased data set includes unbiased samples; determining a first distillation manner based on data features of the sample set, where, in the first distillation manner, a teacher model is trained by using the unbiased data set and a student model is trained by using the biased data set; and training a first neural network based on the biased data set and the unbiased data set in the first distillation manner, to obtain an updated first neural network.