A congestion control method and apparatus is disclosed. The method includes, when usage information of a buffer in a device satisfies a preset first condition, determining at least one first queue from the buffer, and performing congestion control on the at least one first queue, where the first condition includes a first threshold corresponding to the usage information of the buffer, and the at least one first queue is a queue whose queue delay is greater than or equal to a queue delay threshold or whose queue length is greater than or equal to a queue length threshold in a plurality of queues in the buffer. In this way, the device triggers a condition of congestion control based on a buffer status.