The present disclosure relates to the field of pharmacy, particularly to a CSF-1R inhibitor for use in the treatment of disease modulated by CSF-1R. For example, the disclosure relates to a CSF-1R inhibitor for use in the treatment of cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. The disclosure also relates to a CSF-1R inhibitor or a pharmaceutical combination comprising a CSF-1R inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an anti-PD-1 antibody molecule, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of cancer; to a method for the treatment of cancer that involves administering a CSF-1R inhibitor or the combination; and to the use of a CSF-1R inhibitor or the combination for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.