A method to perform. beam management (BM) and/or synchronization (Sync) using primary synchronization signal (PSS) when pilot contamination is low to improve system performance is proposed. A UE first determines pilot contamination. level on PSS of a synchronization signal block (SSB), depending on different network deployment. scenarios. The UE then adaptively perform BM or Sync, by dynamically adjusting to the pilot contamination level on PSS. If the pilot contamination level is high, then the UE follows a 3-symbol mode, e.g., uses only PBCH0, SSS, and PBCH2 symbols for performing BM or Sync. Otherwise, if the pilot contamination level is low, then the UE follows a 4-symbol mode, e.g., uses PSS as an extra symbol for BM or Sync to improve system performance.