Disclosed herein an application-based data transport device and method. The application-based data transport device includes: an application processing unit configured to generate application data for executing an application; a transport service processing unit configured to identify, in the application data, transport service information including at least one of network connection information, network performance information or combination thereof, which are required to execute the application, and to set a network environment based on the transport service information; and a transport processing unit configured to generate and transmit transport protocol data for transmitting the application data, based on the network environment and a transport protocol.