Provided is an on-press development type lithographic printing plate precursor having a support, an image-recording layer, and an outermost layer in this order, in which the image-recording layer contains an infrared absorber, an electron-donating polymerization initiator, and a polymerizable compound, HOMO of the infrared absorber - HOMO of the electron-donating polymerization initiator is 0.60 eV or less, and the outermost layer contains a discoloring compound. Also provided are a method of preparing a lithographic printing plate and a lithographic printing method in which the on-press development type lithographic printing plate precursor is used.