Provided are: an on-press development type planographic printing plate precursor having a support, an image-recording layer, and an overcoat layer in this order, in which a content of an inorganic compound in the overcoat layer is zero or is more than 0% by mass or less than 1% by mass with respect to a total mass of the overcoat layer, and the image-recording layer contains an infrared absorber, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound, and an oil agent; and a method of preparing a planographic printing plate and a planographic printing method in which the on-press development type planographic printing plate precursor is used.