Embodiments of this application provide a volume adjustment method and device, and a system. The method includes: A first terminal device sends a first playback request to a server, where the first playback request carries a model of the first terminal device and an identifier of the first audio. The server determines a first volume value of the first audio based on the identifier of the first audio and the model of the first terminal device. The server determines, based on the first volume value and a preset volume threshold of the first terminal device, a first volume gain. The first terminal device determines, based on the first volume gain and a currently set second volume value, a first target volume value. The first terminal device adjusts volume of playing the first audio to the first target volume value.