The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for use in modulating von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL) and in identifying pVHL ligands, which can be useful in, for example, treating anti-chronic anemia and anti-chronic ischemia, and also as proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACS) to degrade proteins for various therapeutic applications. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.